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the rich history and culture of Kazakhstan

 

Archaeology

Objects discovered through archaeological excavations and research

Coarse-crystalline

Coarse-grained marble with a bluish tint. A metamorphic rock whose main mineral component is calcite (CaCO₃). The sample exhibits chambered

Bornite

Bornite-magnetite-chalcopyrite ore. A complex mineral association containing important ore minerals of copper and iron. Bornite is characterized by blue-to-purple hues,

Alevramite

Aleurolite. A fine-grained sedimentary rock. The sample has a reddish-brown color and predominantly consists of aleurite particles, clay material, and

Bornite

Bornite-magnetite-chalcopyrite ore. The sample contains ore minerals of copper and iron. Bornite is characterized by blue iridescent shades, magnetite has

Chalcopyrite

Chalcopyrite. One of the main ore minerals of copper, belonging to the sulfide group. It is characterized by a golden-yellow

Bornite

Bornite (blue chalcopyrite). A mineral from the copper sulfide group. Freshly fractured, it has a bronze-red color, but under the

Fluorite

Fluorite (CaF₂). Light red mineral with well-developed crystals and a glassy luster. Transparent, characterized by a smooth and shiny fracture.

White calcite

White calcite (CaCO₃). A transparent mineral ranging from colorless to white with a glassy luster. It features a well-defined crystalline

Aragonite

Aragonite. A pale yellow mineral with a glassy luster. Translucent, brittle, and easily broken under mechanical stress. Aragonite is a

Diorite porphyrite

Diorite porphyrite. A magmatic rock, classified as a hypabyssal (subvolcanic) intrusive formation. By composition, it is close to diorite but

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